CLASS 10 SST - GEOGRAPHY - AGRICULTURE - VALUE BASED QUESTIONS

VALUE BASED QUESTIONS

1.Two boys from your school visited two different villages and presented the reports mentioning the features of agriculture practiced there. These features are listed below :

(1) Small land piece (2) Poor farmers

(3) Rich farmers

(4) Availability of fertilizers and pesticides

 (5) Use of traditional equipments of agriculture

(6) Use of combine and thresher machines

(7) Low production

(8) Developed irrigation system

(9) Adequate means of transport

 (10) Monsoon-based irrigation.

One of the students reported that there was subsistence agriculture practiced in the village he visited. What do you think which are the features in the above list which he is talking about ? 

Ans. (1) Small land piece (2) Poor farmers

(3) Use of traditional equipments of agriculture

(4) Low production (5) Monsoon-based irrigation.

2.”In India, agriculture production is under pressure.” In the light of the above statement, mention a few challenges before Indian agriculture.

Ans. (1) Lack of irrigation facilities

(2) Dependence on monsoon

(3) Inadequate marketing and storage facilities

(4) Competition with global market prices of agriculture products

(5) High cost of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

(6) Lack of modern agricultural equipments and technology.

 

Page No: 48

Excercise

1.Answer the following questions.

(i)What is agriculture?

Answer:- Agriculture is the primary activity which includes growing of crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing of livestock. It is also known as farming.

(ii) Name the factors influencing agriculture.

Answer:-Various factors influencing agriculture are – Favourable topography, Soil and Climate.

(iii) What is shifting cultivation? What are its disadvantages?

Answer:- Shifting cultivation or slash-and-burn cultivation is a type of farming activity which involves clearing a plot of land by felling trees, burning the felled trees, mixing the ashes with soil, and then growing crops like maize, yam, potatoes and cassava on the cleared land. After the soil loses its fertility, the land is abandoned and the cultivator moves on to a new plot.

This type of farming has the following disadvantages.

→ Deforestation

→ After some time the land loses its fertility.

→ Soil erosion.

→ Small patches of cultivation which is insufficient for feeding a large population.

(iv)What is plantation agriculture?

Answer:-Plantation agriculture is a type of commercial farming where a single crop of tea, coffee, sugarcane, cashew, rubber, banana or cotton is grown. Large amount of labour and capital is required in this type of farming. The produce is either processed on the farm itself or in nearby factories. Major plantations are found in the tropical regions of the world, like rubber in Malaysia, coffee in Brazil, tea in India and Sri Lanka, etc.

(v)Name the fibre crops and name the climatic conditions required for their

Answer:- Jute & cotton are known as fiber crops. The climatic conditions required for their growth are:

→ Jute (Golden Fiber): High temperature more than 25°C, heavy rainfall, warm and humid climate.

→ Cotton: High temperature around 30 – 40°C, low rainfall and most importantly 210 frost-free days and bright sunshine. Means lot of cloud-free sunny days is essential for cotton growing.

2.Tick the correct answe

(i)Horticulture means

(a)Growing of fruits and vegetables

(b)Primitive farming

(c)Growing of wheat

► (a) Growing of fruits and vegetables

(ii)Golden fibre refers to

(a)Tea

(b)Cotton

(c)Jute

► (c) Jute

(iii)Leading producer of coffee

(a)Brazil

(b)India

(c)Russia

► (a) Brazil

3.Give reasons

(i)In India agriculture is a primary

Answer:- Two-third of India’s population is dependent upon agriculture. Hence, in India, agriculture is a primary activity.

(ii)Different crops are grown in different

Answer:- Different crops are grown in different regions because growing of crops depends upon the geographical conditions, demand of produce, labour and level of technology. Favourable topography of soil, climates also play an important role in selection of crops to be grown in that area.

4.Distinguish between the following.

(i)Primary activities and tertiary activities

Primary activities	Tertiary activities
Connected with the extraction and production of natural resources	Provide   support   to   the   primary   and secondary sectors
Example: Agriculture, fishing	Example: Services such as banking and transport

(ii)Subsistence farming and intensive farming

Subsistence farming		Intensive farming
Practised to meet the needs of the farmer’s family; involves the use of low levels of technology and household labour for producing a small output		A type of subsistence farming; involves the annual cultivation of a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour