MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES [INTRO]

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

INTRO

On the occassion of Diwali, Harish went to a market with his parents. They purchased shoes and clothes for him. His mother purchased utensils, sugar, tea and diyas (earthen lamps). Harish observed that the shops in the market were flooded with items for sale. He wondered how so many items could be made in such large quantities. His father explained that shoes, clothes, sugar etc. are manufactured by machines in large industries, some utensils are manufactured in small industries, while items like diyas are made by individual artisans in household industry.

Do you have some ideas about these industries?

Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing. Do you know that paper is manufactured from wood, sugar from sugarcane, iron and steel from iron ore and aluminium from bauxite? Do you also know that some types of clothes are manufactured from yarn which itself is an industrial product? People employed in the secondary activities manufacture the primary materials into finished goods. The workers employed in steel factories, car, breweries, textile industries, bakeries etc. fall into this category. Some people are employed in providing services. In this chapter, we are mainly concerned with manufacturing industries which fall in the secondary sector. The economic strength of a country is measured by the development of manufacturing industries.

INTRO

Short Answers:-

1. What is manufacturing? How does manufacturing lead to value addition of the raw material? Explain with the help of examples.

Or

What is manufacturing industry?

Ans. 

(a) Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing.

(b) (i) People employed in the secondary activities manufacture the primary materials into finished goods.

(ii) For example, paper is manufactured from wood, sugar from sugarcane, iron and steel from iron ore, aluminium from bauxite, etc. Thus, raw materials are transformed into a wide variety of finished goods of higher value.